75006 Paris, France; [email protected] International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Illness, South-East Asia Office, C-6 Qutub Institutional Region, New Delhi 110016, India Yenepoya Health-related College, Yenepoya (Deemed to become University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, India Ministry of Wellness and Sanitation, 4th Floor, Youyi Building, Brookfields, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone; franqoline@gmail (F.M.); siamoreniketengbe@outlook (S.M.T.); lakoh2009@gmail (S.L.) National Disease Surveillance Plan, Ministry of Wellness and Sanitation, Sierra Leone National Public Overall health Emergency Operations Centre, Cockerill, Wilkinson Road, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone; samjokanu@yahoo Division of Neighborhood Overall health, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine and Allied Well being Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone Crops Division, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Youyi Constructing, Brookfields, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone; aliemans270@gmail All India Institute of Medicine Sciences, Nagpur 441108, India; [email protected] Unique Program for Analysis and Education in Tropical Illnesses (TDR), Planet Well being Organization, Avenue Appia 20, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; [email protected] (M.K.); [email protected] (R.Z.) Correspondence: ibrahimfkamara@outlook or [email protected]; Tel.: +232-763-Abstract: Inappropriate use of antibiotics throughout the COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to raise the burden of antimicrobial resistance. Within this study, we report around the prevalence of antibiotic use and its linked variables amongst suspected and confirmed COVID-19 individuals admitted to 35 wellness facilities in Sierra Leone from March 2020 arch 2021. This was a cross-sectional study making use of routinely collected patient data. Of 700 confirmed COVID-19 patients, 47 received antibiotics. The majority (73 ) from the antibiotics belonged to the ‘WATCH’ group of antibiotics, which are highly toxic and prone to resistance. By far the most frequently prescribed antibiotics were azithromycin, ceftriaxone, amoxicillin, metronidazole, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Antibiotic use was drastically greater in patients aged 254 years than in these with serious illness. Of 755 suspected COVID-19 individuals, 61 received antibiotics, of which the majority (58 ) belonged towards the `WATCH’ category. By far the most regularly prescribed antibiotics were ceftriaxone, metronidazole, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and amoxycillin. The prevalence of antibiotic use amongst suspected and confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to healthcare facilities in Sierra Leone was high and not in line with national and WHO case management guidelines.MIF, Mouse Instruction of wellness care providers, strengthening of antimicrobial stewardship applications, and microbiological laboratory capacity are urgently required.BDNF Protein manufacturer Search phrases: antimicrobial resistance; COVID-19; Aware classification; antimicrobial stewardship; antibiotic use; SORT IT; operational analysis; Sierra LeoneCopyright: 2022 by the authors.PMID:23489613 Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and circumstances with the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ four.0/).Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 4005. doi.org/10.3390/ijerphmdpi/journal/ijerphInt. J. Environ. Res. Public Overall health 2022, 19,two of1. Introduction Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) can be a global public well being concern that has the prospective to reverse decades of progress in decreasing.
